Essay on Internet Speak The Evolution of Language on the...

Internet Speak: The Evolution of Language on the Internet People everywhere with text message cell phones and online chat services are taking part in the evolution of language on the Internet. To the uninitiated this Internet lingo, or Internet Speak, can look like a completely different and utterly incomprehensible language. Some people claim it is a corruption or a decay of the English language, citing the notorious lack of capitals and proper punctuation or spelling. The truth about Internet Speak is that it is an outgrowth of English. It allows the people who use it a great deal of personal freedom, within the established language, to determine how their speech patterns will reflect their personality. Whereas in mainstream English†¦show more content†¦One example with some of the clearest correlations with Internet Speak is CB radio. CB, or citizen’s band, radio is a range of frequencies set apart for general civilian use. While it used to be much more prevalent, nowadays CB is mainly used in remote areas, where cell pho ne reception may not be reliable, and by dispatchers, cabbies, and long distance truckers. As recently as the eighties cabbies used CB radio as their connection to a safety net of fellow drivers, as in the case of cab drivers in Chicago who used CB to recover stolen cabs and call for help subduing rowdy passengers (Lux). CB has many striking similarities to Internet Speak, most prominently the use of handles and jargon. The screen names which promote personalization and obscure acronyms that promote a definite sense of community make up some of the integral parts of Internet Speak. The various precursors of Internet Speak were present even long before the advent of instant messaging and email. It flourishes in the open arena of cyberspace, it was not born there. The Internet as we know it today started off as the Strategic Computing program of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in the 1960s (Internet Timeline). The program was â€Å"a 10-year billion-dollar initiative to advance ‘machine intelligence’ . . . for powerful computer systems that could support human intelligence or, in some cases, actShow MoreRelatedThe World Of Social Media Essay1313 Words   |  6 Pages The device one carries around promotion and presentation a person differently. Who we are is often different than who we really are on the internet. Teenager are creating the ideal self, what they believe is appropriate according to the societal standpoint. Promoting our self what we want others to see. â€Å"I believe who we are on the Internet is not a true showing of who we are actually are as a person â€Å"added Greg Cistulli. 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Factors that Impact Demand for an iPad Free Essays

Internal: Pricing decisions Unique features (Apple’s iPad was one of the first tablet to have the app world where user can download applications such as games or books and use it right away after download has been completed. ) External: Availability of competitors’ products Price of substitute products Incomes of potential customers There are several essential factors that impact the demand for iPads, these are: price of the product (internal variable), price of substitute products, and incomes of otential customers (external variables). As the primary principle of the demand function stated, that if price of a certain product or service increases, the quantity of that same product will decrease. We will write a custom essay sample on Factors that Impact Demand for an iPad or any similar topic only for you Order Now Most, if not all, customers make their purchasing decision of a product based on its price (all other things held constant). If there are two similar products but one is more expensive than the other, it is rational to choose for the cheaper product. Now, how can an expensive product such as iPad still reate a lot of demand in the market? The answer that I could think of is product uniqueness and product loyalty. When Apple’s iPad first came out in 2010, this product was not cheap. But it was due to its unique features that the competitors did not have that made iPad successful. Today, there are a lot of tablets that have about the same features as the iPad and offer a lower price. I would say that product loyalty is also one of the reasons why there are still demands for ‘Pads. How to cite Factors that Impact Demand for an iPad, Papers

CCH Australia Limited

Question: Discuss about the CCH Australia Limited. Answer: Introduction: Residential status for income tax purpose implies the country of which the taxpayer would be deemed to be resident for computing the taxable income of a particular financial year. The residential status for tax purposes is a crucial aspect because the determination of the taxable income depends upon the residential status of the taxpayer (Income Tax management, 2016). In other words, it could be said that the incidence of tax is determined according to the residential status of the taxpayer. The government of Australia prescribes the rules and regulations to determine the residential status of the taxpayers (Prince, 2013). The important thing about the residential status that one should keep in mind is that it is determined for each financial year separately. Thus, a person who is resident of Australia for one financial year may not be so for another financial year. Further, it is also to be noted that the residential status as per taxation rules is not linked with the citizenship, w hich means that a person, who is not a citizen of Australia may be resident of Australia for tax purposes (Prince, 2013). The Income Tax Assessment Act (ITAA) 1936 of Australia contains the crucial provisions and rules that guide in determining the residential status of a taxpayer. In Australia, the taxation ruling 98/17 describes the procedure to determine the tax residency status of individuals coming to Australia Taxation (Ruling TR 98/17, 2016). Further, section 6 of ITAA 1936 provides the conceptual foundation to the taxation authorities so as to enable them to formulate rules and regulations in regard to determine the residential status (Commonwealth Consolidated Acts, 2016). In addition to this, the judicial pronouncements made by the courts are also referred to resolve the critical issues coming across in determining the residential status. As per the Australian taxation regime, an individual is tested for residential purpose basically on two parameters such as domicile and period of stay. These are formally known as domicile test and 183 days test, additionally, there is another test of residency known as superannuation test (Ruling TR 98/17, 2016). As per domicile test, the people ordinarily residing in Australia are automatically declared as resident for tax purpose. Thus, the people ordinarily residing in Australia do not need to satisfy any other condition to be declared as resident. The 183 days test is based on the period of stay of the individuals entering Australia from other countries. Thus, as per this test, if the individuals coming from other country stay in Australia for a period of 183 days or more, he/she may be regarded as resident of Australia. The third test of residency that is the superannuation test prescribes explicitly that the Australian government employees, who have been posted outside Austral ia, will automatically be deemed as resident (Ruling TR 98/17, 2016). However, in regard to the above discussed tests of residency, it is essential to bear in mind that none of these tests is decisive in itself. This implies that the residential status of an individual can not be determined based on any one of the tests of residency, rather, all the tests to be considered along with the other conditions such as behavior of the individual. The behavior of individual during the stay in Australia is of immense importance in determining the residential status (Ruling TR 98/17, 2016). There are some crucial facts and circumstances that are to be considered in evaluating the behavior of an individual to adjudge whether that individual is a resident or not. Those facts and circumstances include but are not limited to intention and purpose of stay, family, business and employment. Moreover, the maintenance and location of the assets of the concerned individual are also to be given consideration in deciding the residential status. Further, the authorities can a lso give regard to the social and living arrangements of the concerned individual for such purposes (Ruling TR 98/17, 2016). Referring to the context developed above and the other applicable provisions of the ITAA 1936, the residential status of Juliette for the financial year 2014-15 and 2015-16 has been determined as under: Residential Status of Juliette for the Income Year 2014-15 Juliette, ordinarily residing in the UK, has been approached by an Australian management company for performing a role of choreographer in a dance show. For this purpose, Juliette has entered into a contract of two years with the Australian management company. As Juliette is not ordinarily residing in Australia, thus, the domicile test of residency is not applicable to her. Further, the superannuation test of residency also does not apply in case of Juliette as she is not an employee of the Australian government. In this situation, the residential status of Juliette is to be determined by applying the 183 days test. For this purpose, month wise computation of the days of stay of Juliette for the financial year 2014-15 is given as under: Financial Year: 2014-15 Month Feb Mar April May June Total Days 28 0 0 31 30 89 The total period of stay of Juliette for the financial year 2014-15 comes to 89 days, which is lower than the statutory requirement of 183 days. However, from the rigorous reading of the rules and provisions in regard to residential status, it has been observed that an individual coming to Australia may be regarded as resident even if the period of stay is less than 183 days in a particular financial year (Exfin, 2016). For this purpose, it is crucial to consider the behavior and the intention of the person to migrate to Australia to live permanently. However, in income year 2014-15, there has not been observed any of the circumstances that indicate the intention of Juliette to migrate to Australia to live permanently. Therefore, considering the fact that the period of stay of Juliette is less than 183 days and that no intention to live permanently exists, it has been articulated that Juliette is not resident of Australia for income tax purposes for the financial year 2014-15. Residential Status of Juliette for the Income Year 2015-16 The computation of the number of days for the Income year 2015-16 in respect of Juliette is shown below: Income Year: 2015-16 Month July August Sep Oct April May June Total Days 31 31 30 16 16 31 30 185 It can be observed that Juliette stayed for a period of 185 days in Australia in the income year 2015-16, which is greater than the statutory limit of 183 days. Further, she came back in Australia in April with the intention to live permanently with her husband. Therefore, considering these facts, Juliette should be deemed as resident of Australia for the income year 2015-16 (PWC, 2016). Rental Property Statement Amount ($) A. Rental Income 13,900.00 B. Less: Rental Deductions Agent Commission 695.00 Replacing the damaged fibro roof with longer lasting colorbond Nil General repairs and maintenance 6,000.00 Repainting the front fence which consists of painted wooden pickets 2,500.00 Fixing the broken front door which was damaged by vandals 1,000.00 Total 10,195.00 C. Less: Deduction for Decline in the Value of Assets Stove ($900/12) 75.00 Hot water service ($2000/12) 166.67 Carpets (3500/10) 350.00 Furniture and fittings (5000/13.33)+(1200/13.33*.5) 420.23 Total 1,011.90 D. Capital works deduction Replacing the damaged fibro roof with longer lasting colorbond ($15000*2.5%*0.50) 187.50 Net Rental Income or Loss (A-B-C-D) 2,505.60 The rental property statement shown in the requirement Q2 (a) above depicts that the net rental income of the tax payer is $2,505.60, which implies that the taxpayer would have to pay the taxes on this income (Australian Taxation Office, 2016). Rental property statement is basically divided into three parts such as rental income, rental expenses, and deduction for the decline in the value of assets and capital works deductions. Rental income is the amount of rent received by the owner from the tenants in compensation of the use of such property. Further, the rental income also includes the other indirect incomes that accrue to the owner in connection with letting out the property such as advertisement income. In the present case, the rental income only comprises the rent received by the owner from the tenants, which amounts to $13,900.00 for the entire financial year 2015-16. The next part of the rental property statement is the rental expense. The rental expenses are further sub-divided into three parts such as expenses allowable in the same year, expenses allowable in the form of deduction for decline in the value of assets over the number of years, and the expenses not allowable at all. The expenses that are allowable in the year of incurrence includes the expenses of revenue natures related directly to the property, for example, repair and maintenance, advertisement, agents commission, cleaning, insurance, and property taxes (Australian Taxation Office, 2016). In order to claim these expenses, it is to be ensured that these expenses are borne by the owner and related directly to the letting business. Further, in respect of repair and maintenance expense, it should be ensured that these are not of capital nature. In case the repairs are of capital nature, these are to be capitalized and allowed over the number of years in the form of capital works deductions (Australian Taxation Office, 2016). In the present case, expense on general repairs, repainting the front fence, and fixing the broken door have been claimed immediately. However, the expense on replacing the damaged fibro roof has been considered to be of capital nature because this expense is expected to benefit for many years. As per the rental property guidelines issued by the Australian Taxation Office, the expenses incurred on building constructions and major repairs to the buildings are allowed as deduction for capital works at the rate of 2.5% or 4%. The rate of 4% is applied to the specified rental properties such industrial units and commercial complexes, while, for others the deduction can be claimed at the rate of 2.5% (Australian Taxation Office, 2016). Thus, an amount of $15,000 incurred on replacing the damaged fibro roof has been capitalized and claimed as capital works deductions at the rate of 2.5% considering that the property does not fall under the specified categories eligible for higher deduction of 4%. Further, this deduction is allowable proportionately if the constructed or repaired property was used not for full year. In the current case, the replacement of roof was made in December 2015, thus, only 50% of the deduction has been claimed. Further, apart from the cost of acquisition, there some other expenses, which are also not allowed to be deducted from the rental income. These expenses include expenses not actually incurred by the owner of the property, for example, tenants may bear the expenses of water and electricity use. In addition to this, the expenses of personal nature, which have no nexus with the rental income, are also not allowed as deduction. The expenses incurred by the owner before buying the property such as inspection of the property and travelling costs are also not allowed (Australian Taxation Office, 2016). Therefore, while computing the rental income changeable to tax, it should be kept in mind by the taxpayer that the above discussed expenses are not deducted. Another category of rental expenses is the deduction in the form of decline in the value of depreciable assets (Australian Taxation Office, 2016). These are the expenses such as purchase of furniture and fittings, carpets, water service machine, and other assets that are used by the tenants along with the use of building. The deduction for decline in the value of assets is allowed either on prime cost or diminishing value method (Australian Taxation Office, 2016). In the present case, the owner has applied prime cost method in computing the decline in the value of assets. The total value claimed as decline in the value of assets amounts to $1011.90, which comprises of $75 on stove, $166.67 on hot water service, $350 on carpets, and $420.23 on furniture and fittings. In this regard, it is important to note that the deduction is allowed in proportion to the days that asset is held by the owner in the subjected income year (Australian Taxation Office, 2016). Therefore, the deduction on the additions amounting to $1200 made to the furniture and fittings in the month of December 2015 have been allowed to the extent of 50 percent only. In determining the deduction for decline in the value of assets, it is crucial that the effective life of assets estimated correctly (CCH Australia Limited, 2011). The Australian Taxation Office has framed general guidelines to assist the taxpayers in determination of the effective life of the assets. As per these guidelines, in determination of the effective life of an asset, the considerations are to be given to the wear and tear of the asset. The expected quantum wear and tear of the asset will be a decisive factor in estimating the effective life. In this connection, it is assumed that the asset will be maintained properly and it will be kept in a good condition over the number of years (CCH Australia Limited, 2011). In regard to the rental income, certain other facts are also crucial to remember, for example, co-ownership of rental property. In case of co-ownership of rental property, the income and expense gets divided having regard to the legal interest of each co-owner (Compton, 2012). The guidelines framed by the Australian Taxation office in regard to apportionment of the income and expense in case of co-ownership overrides any private agreement between the co-owners. Thus, even if the co-owners agree on some other ratio to proportionate the income and expense, the apportionment will be made only on the basis of legal interest in the property (Compton, 2012). References Australian Taxation Office. (2016). Deduction for decline in value of depreciating assets. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from https://www.ato.gov.au/individuals/income-and deductions/in-detail/investments,-including-rental-properties/rental-property-expenses/?page=3#Deduction_for_decline_in_value_of_depreciating_assets. Australian Taxation Office. (2016). Expenses you can claim. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from https://www.ato.gov.au/General/Property/Residential-rental-properties/Expenses-you-can-claim/. Australian Taxation Office. (2016). Guide for rental property owners. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from https://www.ato.gov.au/uploadedFiles/Content/MEI/downloads/Rental-properties-2016.pdf. Australian Taxation Office. (2016). Income tax: residency status of individuals entering Australia: Ruling TR 98/17. Retrieved August 11, 2016, from https://law.ato.gov.au/atolaw/view.htm?Docid=TXR/TR9817/NAT/ATO/00001 Australian Taxation Office. (2016). Rental Property Expense. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from https://www.ato.gov.au/individuals/income-and-deductions/in-detail/investments,-including-rental-properties/rental-property-expenses/?page=3. Australian Taxation Office. (2016). Worksheet. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from https://www.ato.gov.au/Forms/Rental-properties-2014-15/?page=11. CCH Australia Limited. (2011). Australian master tax guide 2011. CCH Australia Limited. Commonwealth Consolidated Acts. (2016). Income tax assessment act 1936 - sect 6. Retrieved August 11, 2016, from https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/itaa1936240/s6.html. Compton, T. (2012). Rental property and taxation: an Australian investor's guide. John Wiley Sons. Exfin. (2016). Australian tax residency guidelines. Retrieved August 11, 2016, from https://www.exfin.com/australian-tax-residency. Income Tax management. (2016). Introduction and meaning of residential status under the income tax. Retrieved August 11, 2016, from https://incometaxmanagement.com/Pages/Tax-Ready-Reckoner/Residential-Status/Meaning-of-Residential-Status.html. Prince, J.B. (2013). Tax for Australians for dummies. John Wiley Sons. PWC. (2016). Taxation of International Assignees Country Australia. Retrieved August 11, 2016, from https://www.pwc.com/us/en/hr-international-assignment-services/assets/australia-folio.pdf.

National Recovery Administration free essay sample

We have nothing to fear but fear itself. † This statement is from C. 🙂 Franklin D. Roosevelt’s first inaugural address. 14. All of the following statements about the Civilian Conservation Corps are true except C. 🙂 it eventually came to employ over one-third of the American work force. 15. In personally taking over the task of setting the dollar amount the government would pay for gold, Franklin Roosevelt’s announced purpose was to D. 🙂 manipulate the price of gold so as to raise prices. 16. He strove to strengthen the child’s respect for parental and other traditional authority. 17. What was the overall U. S. unemployment rate during the worst periods of the Depression? B. 🙂 25% 18. The thrust of Roosevelt’s â€Å"Good Neighbor† policy was to A. ? retreat from the military interventionism and blatant economic domination which had characterized previous American policy toward Latin America 19. All of the following â€Å"New Deal† agencies were created during the Great Depression to provide jobs for the unemployed EXCEPT A. We will write a custom essay sample on National Recovery Administration or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 🙂 Farm Security Administration (FSA) 20. Which of the following best describes the administrations of Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge? C. 🙂 â€Å"The business of government is business! † 21. The â€Å"Lost Generation† refers to C. 🙂 young writers disillusioned by the materialism, decadence, and conformity domination 1920s America 22. All of the following contributed to the Great Depression EXCEPT D. 🙂 lack of credit to help consumers sustain economic growth 23. The Smoot-Hawley Tariffs and other protectionist trade measures had the long-term effect of D. 🙂 sparking retaliatory measures from Europe which weakened both their economies and ours24. The recession of 1937 was primarily caused by E.   premature tightening of credit and cutbacks in spending for New Deal programs 25. The Scopes Trial had the effect of B. 🙂 highlighting the intolerance of religious fundamentalism and its conflict with contemporary science and secularism 26. The philosophy behind the New Deal was primarily to E. ? expand the role of federal government in providing jobs, relief for the unemployed, better wages, and regulation of industry to control the abuses of the past which had led to the current depression 27. Fearing the U. S. Supreme Court would find much of his second term New Deal legislation unconstitutional, as it had done for much of the New Deal legislation passed during his first term, Franklin Roosevelt responded by D. 🙂 threatening to increase the number of justices 28. President Warren G. Harding’s administration could best be compared to that of C. 🙂 Ulysses Grant 29. Droughts, high tariffs, bankruptcies, and low prices during the late 1920s had the greatest impact on B. 🙂 the United States Stock Market 30. The scandal in 1919 that affected the integrity of major league baseball was. The Black Sox Scandal† 31. Marcus Garvey, leader of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, argued for B. 🙂 a return to Africa . 32. â€Å"The business of our nation is business† were the words of A. ? Calvin Coolidge 33. When the United States Supreme Court failed to rule favorably on New Deal legislation, President Franklin A. 🙂 introduced a judiciary reorganization bill that would increase the number of Supreme Court justices 34. The first woman to serve in a Cabinet-level position was A. 🙂 Frances Perkins 35. The case of Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti in the 1920s best illustrated E. The extent of the â€Å"Red Scare† 36. W. C. Handy, Joe â€Å"King† Oliver, and â€Å"Jelly Roll† Morton were known for their accomplishments in A. 🙂 jazz 37. The Reconstruction Finance Corporation and the Home Loan Bank Act of 1932 were enacted during what United States president’s administration to help ease the effects of the Great Depression? A. 🙂 Herbert Hoover 38. The â€Å"court-packing† scheme proposed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on February 5, 1937 I. was triggered by Supreme Court decisions that undid much of the first New Deal II. was withdrawn when a majority of the Supreme Court justices retired III. Became unnecessary when the Supreme Court began reversing previous decisions and upholding New Deal legislation IV. was replaced by a Judiciary bill that denied the president the power to enlarge the federal courts but conceded badly needed procedural reforms C. 🙂 I, III, and IV only 39. â€Å"There is no right to strike against the public safety, anywhere, any time,† was said by C. 🙂 Calvin Coolidge on calling out the Massachusetts National Guard during the Boston police strike 40. The Republican administrations of the 1920s would best be described as B. Supporting isolationism and laissez-faire business policies domestically 41. The Palmer Raids of the 1920s were a response to C. ? fears of communism follwoing after the Russian Revolution 42. The use of installment plans during the 1920s was significant to the economy because it D. 🙂 served as a catalyst for a new consumer-based economy 43. The Supreme Court decision of Schenck v. United States established the precedent for the idea that B. 🙂 speech that presents a â€Å"clear and present danger† is not protected 44. Which of the following events illustrates the nativist sentiments of the 1920s? The reemergence of the Ku Klux Klan and the passage of the National Origins Act 45. What was the 1920s Harlem Renaissance? E. 🙂 A period of artistic achievement in multiple fields by African-Americans 46. The trial of Sacco and Vanzetti illustrated America’s fear of D. 🙂 immigrants who possessed radical or leftist beliefs 47. The impact of the Fordney-McCumber and Hawley-Smoot Tariffs could be best described as B. 🙂 crippling Europe’s ability to pay off its war debts and damaging America industry 48. Why was the Kellogg-Briand Pact significant? A. The nations involved agreed not to use threat of war against each other. 49. A primary reason for Henry Ford’s success in the automobile industry was that he C. 🙂 adopted a strategy of horizontal integration 50. The purpose of the Nineteenth Amendment was to D. 🙂 grant suffrage to women 51. The Scopes Trial illustrated the nation’s debate over A. ? religious conservatism versus modern scientific theories 52. Warren G. Harding’s administration is most associated with which scandal? Teapot Dome Scandal 53. The group of American authors disillusioned by society follwoing the First World War are referred to as C. The Lost Generation 54. The election of Herbert Hoover over Al Smith illustrated C. 🙂 nativist opinions concerning religion 55. At the start of the Great Depression, Black Tuesday occurred when D. ? investors raced to sell their stock holdings 56. The Dust Bowl of the Great Depression occurred because C. 🙂 intense agriculture had depleted the topsoil 57. African-Americans during the Depression often experienced B. 🙂 increased discrimination in employment and in relief programs 58. When faced with the stock market crash and the start of the Depression, Hoover supported D. Encouraging voluntary reforms within private business 59. The main goal of the Bonus Army at the start of the Depression was to A. 🙂 allow veterans to receive their promised army pensions early 60. The main purpose of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation was to B. 🙂 provide government credit to secure failing banks 61. How did Presidents Hoover and Roosevelt differ in thier attempts to respond to the Great Depression? B. 🙂 While Roosevelt felt that aid should be supplied directly to the people, Hoover felt that the government should only try to stabilize the corporations and banks. What is the practice of buying on margin? B. 🙂 Using bank loans to purchase stocks 63. Which of the following New Deal agencies was created to assist businesses most directly? C. 🙂 National Recovery Administration 64. What was Franklin Roosevelt’s â€Å"Brain Trust†? B. 🙂 A collection of intellectuals who served as unofficial advisers 65. How did the Second New Deal differ from the First New Deal during the Depression? A. ? It contained a greater number of social welfare benefits. 66. Huey Long and Upton Sinclair criticized the New Deal on the grounds that E.

Effect of Import Liberalization on Industrial Productivity

Effect of Import Liberalization on Industrial Productivity Free Online Research Papers There are reasons to expect a favorable effect of import liberalization on industrial productivity. This is expected to occur through several channels: (a) Import liberalization will provide to industrial firms greater and cheaper access to imported capital goods and intermediate goods (embodying advanced technology), which will enable the firms improve their productivity performance; (b) Greater availability of imported intermediate goods will enable the firms to exploit better the productivity enhancing potential of imported technology; (c) The increased competitive pressure on industrial units in a liberalized import regime will force them to be more efficient in the use of resources (which can be achieved through better organization of production, improved managerial efficiency, more effective utilization of labour, better capacity utilization, etc.); (d) The increased competitive pressure coupled with expanded opportunities for importing technology and capital goods will bring greater technological dynamism in industrial firms; (e) As the competitive business environment forces inefficient firms to close down, the average level of efficiency of various industries should improve; (f) Greater access to imported inputs and a more realistic exchange rate associated with a liberalized trade regime would enable industrial firms compete more effectively in export markets. This would allow them to increase their sales and reap economies of scale with concomitant gains in productivity. Evidently, there are persuasive theoretical arguments for contemplating a positive effect of import liberalization on industrial productivity. However, this view or hypothesis does not have a strong empirical support. There have been a number of empirical studies for developing countries, including the countries of Asia, in which econometric models have been estimated to assess the effect of import liberalization on industrial productivity. Some of them have found a significant favourable effect of import liberalization on industrial productivity. But, some have found no significant effect, while some others have found an adverse effect of import liberalization on industrial productivity. Thus, on the whole, the empirical evidence on the relationship between import liberalization and industrial productivity in developing countries is mixed and no definite conclusion can be drawn. As regards Indian industry, there are two recent studies, which have examined the effect of economic refo rms on industrial productivity. These are by Krishna and Mitra (1998) and Balakrishnan, Pushpangadan and Suresh Babu (2000). Both studies have used firm- level data taken from Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE) database. Also, there is similarity in the method of econometric analysis applied in the two studies. But, the studies come up with conflicting results. Krishna and Mitra find evidence of a significant favourable effect of reforms on indus trial productivity. Balakrishanan et al., on the other hand, find an adverse effect of economic reforms on industrial productivity. One serious limitation of both studies is that they have not used explicit trade liberalization variables in the econometric model estimated. Rather, a dummy variable approach has been taken to distinguish between the pre- and post-reform periods. This study differs from the studies undertaken by Krishna and Mitra (1998) and Balakrishnan, et al. (2000) in several respects. The analysis of productivity is undertaken at the industry- level rather than at the firm- level. The source of data is also different.More important, an attempt is made here to incorporate explicitly variables representing trade liberalization in the econometric model estimated. Research Papers on Effect of Import Liberalization on Industrial ProductivityDefinition of Export QuotasPETSTEL analysis of IndiaAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaResearch Process Part OneTwilight of the UAWIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenOpen Architechture a white paperThe Project Managment Office System

Writing Essay

Writing Essay Writing Essay Writing Essay In most cases the essay topics are assigned. However, it is your responsibility to create a title that points our the clear direction of your essay.   Begin writing essay with analyzing the topic. You should understand that every aspect of the essay outline needs to be covered thoroughly throughout the essay. So, in-depth analysis helps you to understand what the essay should contain and helps you to decide on essay format. Your task isn't to include general information, you should write directly and to the point. It requires spending enough time thinking about what the essay question is and how to answer it. Once you have some ideas you should review the books and journals which related to your topic. Start research from the point you are already familiar with. While reading secondary material, you will understand what kind of information you need. Essay Outline Build the essay on your own ideas. Gathered information will help you to make a plan of your essay. Essay writing needs to be organized by you and to express your interpretation and understanding of the subject, not authors'. It means that you should write in your own words. Even if you've already had the notes, put them aside and begin to write first paragraph without their help. Start writing an essay with introduction. Your introduction should contain a summary and an argument, as well as thesis statement. Remember that you will need to redraft the introduction more often than the other parts. So, the good idea is to write the draft of each part on separate sheets. It will allow you to redraft essay parts more easily. The essay should have an introduction that is distinct from the body of the essay and shortly explains what the essay is about. The outline should show the organization or structure of the essay. The body of an essay is the largest part of the paper. It presents detailed information about the topic with evidences, examples and illustrations. Each idea should be described in separate paragraph and should be supported with information from secondary sources. The conclusion is a last stage of the essay writing. Again restate the main ideas and thesis statement. When you have finished writing essay it is useful to proofread it. Check the introduction for correctly description of essay ideas. Check your essay writing for the accurate presentation of quotations and references. While writing essay, hold the required essay format. Cheek the grammar and spelling; be sure that sentences are well constructed. Custom Help with Writing Essay Are you are writing essay and do not know how to proceed?   Do not need professional assistance with essay writing?   would like to offer you an opportunity to improve your grades without any efforts.   All you need to do is to place an order at our site and an experienced writer will produce a coherent and interesting essay for you in accordance to the provided instructions.

Art Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Art - Assignment Example Marilyn was an icon that won the hearts of many American G.I.s much to the dismay of Joe Di Maggio. Visually, half of the dyptich is expressed in bright colors while the other half is black and white to the point if being blurred. Many critics interpreted the dark diptych as the mortality of Marilyn Monroe. Also, the repetitive images represents the ability of technology to command attention or power. Contrastingly, the Mona Lisa is bereft of any technology. It is purely a work of art that depicts a woman who belonged to high-society. Her posture during the painting reflects a woman with breeding and gentle nature. Her face is given emphasis by the contrast of dark colors in the background. Her gaze silently communicates many messages to the viewer. Another comment by Farago ( 2009 ) interprets the placement of Lisa’s hands ( right resting on the left ) as Leonardo’s portrayal of Mona Lisa as woman of virtue and a loyal wife. Andy Warhol also created serigraph prints of Mona Lisa as a way of reducing her popularity and converting her to a popular icon such as Marilyn Monroe. Nevertheless, Mona Lisa cannot be reduced to a modern icon, her tasteful portrait and enigmatic smile has never failed to attract even the harshest critics. Besides, her true nature as Lisa del Giocondo, a wife of a wealthy Florentine silk merchant cannot be denied. However, no matter how differ ent the two artworks maybe, the appeal of the feminine is always used in expressing

A Capstone Experience(Factors and Trends that Influence Strategy Assignment

A Capstone Experience(Factors and Trends that Influence Strategy Development)1 - Assignment Example The businesses will save a lot of money in the long run. However, there will be reductions in employment, cuts on expenditure, and closure of establishments (Glynn, 2010). Investment strategies involve the business spending on innovation and market diversification. Though it is a risky strategy, many businesses have begun successfully using investment strategies. Businesses will allocate a large portion of their capital towards short-term survival and innovation. Businesses will then exploit all its resources (Glynn, 2010). Ambidextrous strategies are a combination of retrenchment and investment strategies. Businesses that adopt these strategies survive the recession period by cost and asset cutting. The businesses also invest a lot in product innovation and market development. Business managers have a task in choosing the right investment for the business and which cost to cut (Glynn, 2010). In the new post-recession consumer behavior, there are certain factors useful to achieve product differentiation. The factors include good business location to create convenience for the customers, and price differentiation so as to give the customers value for their money. Luxury goods are products which are not necessary; however, they make life more pleasant. Marketers of luxury goods should abandon their efforts to abandon premium pricing because their marketing focuses more on affluent mass markets. It would confuse market players because plenty of goods would not know whether to represent luxury or premium pricing (Silverstein, 2008). It is advantageous to create customer value and satisfaction. Companies should formulate their marketing strategies while sticking to the societal attitudes. For example, Wal-Mart delivers its promises always charging low prices on

Mary Parker Follett Essay Example for Free

Mary Parker Follett Essay The newest addition to the collection of books about Mary Parker Follett is a contribution by Joan C. Tonn entitled Mary P. Follett: Creating Democracy, Transforming Management (BUS stack HN57.T695 2003) The press release for this book is available here. Recently a new book about an older management theorist arrived in the Business Library. Published by the Harvard Business School Press, the contributors included Drucker, Mintzberg, Bennis and Kanter. Perhaps it was because the book was published by that press with comments by those people, that the subject attracted more attention than usual. The title of the book is Mary Parker Follett Prophet of Management: A Celebration of Writings from the 1920s (BUS stack HD31.M334 1995) and the subject is obviously Follett who was a social theorist earlier in this century. A considerable amount has been written about Follett and her theories concerning organizations and management. Since the material is scattered over a long period and across different academic disciplines, this brief introduction and bibliography is designed to help you quickly find material relating to the mother of management theory. Obviously the place to begin is with the new collection of her writings mentioned above. It also contains evaluations of her positions, a useful epilogue by Paul Lawrence and a bibliography of Folletts writings. For a brief biographical sketch see the appendix in Integrative Management: Creating Unity from Diversity, by Pauline Graham (HD 38.G68) as well as the essay by Graham in Mary Parker Follett Prophet of Management (BUS stack HD 31.M334) which she edited. For an earlier biographical piece see Vol. 4 of theInternational Encyclopedia of Social Sciences, Follett, Mary Parker (DBW reference H 41.I58). The University of Western Ontario has a solid collection of material by and about Follett and there have been some works about her that were produced on this campus. In 1992, David Hurst wrote an article for Business Quarterly with the title: Thoroughly Modern Mary Parker Follett (Vol. 56, No.4, Spring). Two masters theses have also originated here and they reflect the inter-disciplinary nature of Folletts work: Science and Service: M.P. Follett and the Profession of Educational Administration by A.M.H. van den Heuvel (EDU stack AS42.L85.V265) and Mary Parker Follett: An Application of Her Management Theories to Educational Administration by Lorraine Vanderkerckhove (EDU stack AS 42.L85.V29). WORKS BY MARY PARKER FOLLETT Creative Experience (BUS stack BF 57.F6 1951; DBW stack BF 408.R67 1970) Dynamic Administration: The Collected Papers of Mary Parker Follett [electronic resource] (BUS stack HF 5547. F6). Weldon has an additional copy of the 1941 edition. Additional copies can be requested from storage, including 1 copy of the 1965 edition. Freedom Co-ordination: Lectures in Business Organization (BUS stack HD 57.7.F66 1987). This work contains 6 lectures: The Illusion of Final Authority; The Giving of Orders; The Basis of Authority; The Essentials of Leadership; Co-ordination and The Process of Control. The last essay is also found in another volume available here at Western: Papers on the Science of Administration, ed. by Gulick and Urwick, p.159 (JF 1351.G8). The New State Group Organization, the Solution for Popular Government (DBW stack JC336.F57 1918). The Speaker of the House of Representatives [electronic resource] (DBW stack JK 1411.F67 1896). For recent samples and discussions of Folletts works see: Management Theory: From Taylorism to Japanization (BUS stack HD31.S22); Writing About Business and Industry (DBW stack HF5718.3.W74 1995);Management and Gender: Issues and Attitudes (BUS stack HD6054.4.U6K37 1994); Management and Organizational Behavior Classics (BUS stack HD31.M2917 1993); Great Writers on Organizations (DBW stack HM131.P74 1993); International Management Handbook (HD62.4.T47) and Classics of Organization Theory (DBW stack HD31.C56 1992). SELECTED WORKS ABOUT MARY PARKER FOLLETT In addition to some of the sources noted above, articles about Follett may be found by searching electronic databases such as Proquest. Articles that pre-date the electronic databases may be found by searching a variety of print indexes; some articles are noted below and others may be found quickly by looking at the M.A. theses noted above. Follett has also been the subject of many doctoral dissertations and they may be quickly located by searching Proquests Dissertations Theses. Two dissertations that can be consulted are: Mary Parker Follett: Pioneer in Organizational Theory by Linda Brown (HD31.F667B76) and Scientific Management and Administrative Reform in Education by Kathleen Schwartz (HD 30.12.S39). Sibyl of a Modern Science, Business Week, Nov. 21, 1964, p.96 Mary Parker Follett, Civic Leader Dies, obituary, New York Times, Dec. 21, 1933, p.21, col.1 (DBWMFM AN 2.N5) Mary Parker Follett: The Enduring Contribution, Public Administration Review,Vol.28, No.6, 1968, p. 520 (DBWPER JK1.P85) No occupation can make a more worthy appeal to the imagination either from the point of view of service it can perform, or from the tremendous interest in the job itself, than business management. MPF. Mary Parker Follett Facts: Known for: pioneering ideas introducing human psychology and human relations into industrial management Occupation: social worker, management theory writer and speaker Dates: 1868-1933 Mary Parker Follett Biography: Modern management theory owes a lot to a nearly-forgotten woman writer, Mary Parker Follett. Mary Parker Follett was born in Quincy, Massachusetts. She studied at the Thayer Academy, Braintree, Massachusetts, where she credited one of her teachers with influencing many of her later ideas. In 1894, she used her inheritance to study at the Society for Collegiate Instruction of Women, sponsored by Harvard, going on to a year at Newnham College, Cambridge, in 1890. She studied on and off at Radcliffe as well, starting in the early 1890s. In 1898, Mary Parker Follett graduated summa cum laude from Radcliffe. Her research at Radcliffe was published in 1896 and again in 1909 as The Speaker of the House of Representatives. Mary Parker Follett began working in Roxbury as a voluntary social worker in 1900. In 1908 she became chair of the Womens Municipal League Committee on Extended Use of School Buildings. In 1911, she and others opened the East Boston High School Social Center. She also helped found other social centers in Boston. In 1917, Mary Parker Follett took on the vice-presidency of the National Community Center Association, and in 1918 published her book on community, democracy, and government, The New State. Mary Parker Follett published another book, Creative Experience, in 1924, with more of her ideas about the creative interaction of people in group process. In 1926, she moved to England to live and work, and to study at Oxford. In 1928, Follett consulted with the League of Nations and with the International Labor Organization in Geneva. She lived in London from 1929 with Dame Katharine Furse of the Red Cross. In her later years, Mary Parker Follett became a popular writer and lecturer in the business world. She was a lecturer at the London School of Economics from 1933. Mary Parker Follett advocated for a human relations emphasis equal to a mechanical or operational empha sis in management. Her work contrasted with the scientific management of Frederick W. Taylor (1856-1915) and evolved by Frank and Lillian Gilbreth, which stressed time and motion studies. Mary Parker Follett stressed the interactions of management and workers. She looks at management and leadership holistically, presaging modern systems approaches; she identifies a leader as someone who sees the whole rather than the particular. Follett was one of the first (and for a long time, one of the few) to integrate the idea of organizational conflict into management theory, and is sometimes considered the mother of conflict resolution. In a 1924 essay, Power, she coined the words power-over and power-with to differentiate coercive power from participative decision-making, showing how power-with can be greater than power-over. Do we not see now, she observed, that while there are many ways of gaining an external, an arbitrary power —- through brute strength, through manipulation, through diplomacy —- genuine power is always that which inheres in the situation? Mary Parker Follett died in 1933 on a visit to Boston. After her death, her papers and speeches were compiled and published in 1942 in Dynamic Administration, and in 1995, Pauline Graham edited a compilation of her writing in Mary Parker Follett: Prophet of Management. The New State was reissued in a new edition in 1998 with helpful additional material. Her work was mostly forgotten in America, and is still largely neglected in studies of the evolution of management theory, despite the accolades of more recent thinkers like Peter Drucker. Peter Drucker called her the prophet of management and his guru.

History and Analysis of the Schwarzkopf Advertising Campaign Essay

The media control all mass communication all over the world, its existence is integral to today’s twenty-four hour society. All media is highly influential, from on television to radio, newspapers to magazines, but especially the  £19billion advertising industry. Although many people refuse to admit it we are easily manipulated into buying particular products subconsciously, a well-produced and marketed advert can increase sales revenue for any product. Schwarzkopf hair care & dyes is well known as an alternative to the mainstream hair companies. Hans Schwarzkopf whose first formula in 1903 was an instant hit with his female customers established Schwarzkopf in 1868. The water-soluble powder shampoo, â€Å"The Shampoo with the Black Head†, offered an easy-to-use and value-for-money alternative to the expensive oils and harsh soaps of the time. Since then the brand has continued to grow and is famous for providing striking colours for women with a more adventurous styl e at an affordable price. Their latest advertised product â€Å"Live Unlimited Gloss† hair colour was featured on the back page of Heat magazine issue 533. Heat is the UK’s leading women’s celebrity weekly costing  £1.65 and a target audience of young celebrity conscious women. The target audience for Live Unlimited Gloss hair colour is young women aged 18-25 who want to make a statement with their hair colour and fashions, on a low budget. In the top-right corner of the advert there is the Schwarzkopf logo in silver, set in a black background. To the left of this it says â€Å"111 YEARS Schwarzkopf† in a clear font. This instils confidence in the viewer that the product is of good quality and they will receive the benefits of the company’s long experience. Underneath this, th... ...hine, but also cares for your hair as in the company’s slogan. The third and final bullet-point uses the statistic that â€Å"9 out of 10 women are delighted by the long lasting shine.† The reader is finally persuaded by the largely positive recommendation from other women. By saying the shine is â€Å"long-lasting,† the customer is guaranteed good value for money. In conclusion, this advert from Heat Magazine is very effective in portraying the message of the advert. The advert is subtle, and presents the main feature of shiny hair well, without being too garish and shows Schwarzkopf as being of high quality and professional. Not being someone who colours my hair this product does not interest me directly but I would probably suggest it to another based on this advert. In my opinion, this makes the advert successful as it reaches and is relevant to the target audience.

Prostitution Should Remain Illegal in Australia

Prostitution should remain illegal in Australia. By Alex Dimitrijevic Prostitution is a dark and dangerous industry. Allowing prostitution in Australia will only expand the sex industry, have an increase in child prostitution, damage the health of the women and also be against many women’s wills. In order to prevent these negative changes from happening in our community, the Australian Government should keep prostitution illegal and possible create a stricter law to protect the women and children.Legalising prostitution means that venues such as brothels, sex clubs and massage parlours will be available for men and young boys to attend without many restrictions. These places will be advertised and made to seem ‘okay’ because they are approved by the government, when in fact, they are nowhere near okay. They are areas where women are sold and practically rented time after time. These venues are usually located in hidden, dark areas in order to function secretly but if they were to be legalised they could potentially be near your child’s school, in your local shopping centres or even down the road to you.If you want to keep your children and community safe, prostitution should remain banned. In the prostitution industry the most preferred workers are young pure women. This category falls under young girls usually in their early teens. The high demand of women in the industry will only increase the number of young girls forced to work in these dirty circumstances. It is rare to find young teenage girls willing to participate in selling their bodies and being used by men twice or triple their age but the industry needs them! So they will force and persuade these girls.More terrifying, they will be allowed to, simply because prostitution will be legal by the government that vowed to protect them. Women in the sex industry will be open to sexually transmitted infections by men who demand not to use protection. A study in the US shows that 4 7% of men expected sex without the use of a condom, 73% offered to pay more for sex without a condom and 45% of women admitted to being abused when insisting the use of a condom. This study proves to us that women in the industry risk their health and wellbeing.They get abused for trying to protect themselves and if this activity was to be legalised then the number of patients with sexually transmitted infections would rise and even lead to deaths. These infections would be passed onto the women and back onto the men who were once clean before any intercourse, those men would probably pass it onto his wife or girlfriend, and the cycle would continue. The health of many would be at risk, not just the prostitute’s. Prostitution is not a preferred occupation by many women.These women are not aware of the dangers they enter in order to earn some money. Many that do enter the industry describe it as their last option. A study shows that 67% of interviewed women did not enter prost itution voluntarily but were forced to. They work in an environment where they are treated like slaves and paid to do as they are told without arguing. They are forced to perform on men who may be sick, abusive, drunk, dirty or simply unpleasant and if they were to complain, they would be beaten. This does not sound like a job they would be proud of or looking forward to going.In conclusion, the law against prostitution should remain illegal and possibly stricter to protect the women and young girls forced to work. If this law was to be changed and this dark and dirty act was to be allowed then we would only see negative changes in our community such as the expansion of the sex industry, increase in child prostitution, damages to the prostitutes and the general public’s health and the increase in women being forced to work. The facts and evidence are there for all of us to see and they can only worsen if prostitution is legalised.

Patriotism Is an Outdated Notion

To say that patriotism is outdated is to imply that the concept of nation is outdated. For me patriotism is a word, nothing more nothing less, when I feel patriotic I don't call it patriotism, I call it being human. It is perhaps our disguised patriotism that we fight today in the world, and it will be our disguised patriotism that will lead us into world destruction. Again like I said, patriotism is a word defined differently by diff people. Who define it the better way, I salute you and hats off to you, those who do it the wrong way, well I can't do nothing much about it. Patriotism is not something that should be on display only on the 15th of August and the 26th of January or when the country is facing a war. We need to be patriotic in our everyday life. We can be true patriots by becoming good citizens. Simple things like keeping your streets clean, following the traffic rules, refusing to bribe or be bribed. ll these go towards the construction of a better nation. This is patriotism for me – or at least, this is the patriotism that should be shown by a mature country. The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots and tyrants. † So in order for us to be free then patriots must exist because without patriots the tree of liberty will dry up, and wither away. Leaving us bare, alone and as slaves. Perhaps the people who said patriotism is an outdated concept, said it while thinking about a lot of different things, that you and I do not see when we read such stuff. In one sense they may be questioning the definition of patriotism as thought by many patriots. Be the change that you want to see in (India) the World. –MAHATMA GANDHIA man's feet must be planted in his country, but his eyes should survey the world. – George Santayana Let me end by saying, as Lord Byron said– He, who loves not his country, can love nothing.

Free Essays on Gunshot Wounds

Running head: GUNSHOT WOUNDS Abstract The following research paper is on gunshot wounds. One of the major topics that will be discussed in this paper is the velocity of the bullet when it enters the body. Handgun bullets have low velocity and low energy, while rifle bullets are high in both velocity and energy. Additionally, close contact gunshot wounds, intermediate wounds, distant wounds, and exit wounds will be explored. The author will also discuss the individual characteristics of a bullet, including size, shape, and location of ejector and extractor marks. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of the many ways to identify a suicide by a gunshot wound will be discussed, due to the complexities encountered when dealing with this issue. Gunshot Wounds As our society today becomes more and more violent, we continue to see the number of gunshot wounds on a daily basis increase. In my opinion the reason that this type of wound is so common is because guns are so easy to use, and they are very accessible. Gunshot wounds are extremely devastating and in a number of cases, result in death. Military literature documents that at least 40% of casualties on a battlefield are due to penetrating head trauma, of which at least 70% are attributed directly to posterior fossa injuries (Yuceer, 1999). Gunshot wounds are not always the result of homicide or suicide, however. In our country there are a great number of accidental shootings each year. This is one problem that must be fixed in our society. There are three basic types of gunshot wounds that I would like to discuss. The first type of wound is a contact wound. This type of wound occurs when the muzzle of the firing gun comes in contact, or a few inches from the body. When the barrel of the gun has contacted the skin, gases are released and pass into the subcutaneous tissues, causing a stellate shaped laceration (Jones, 2004). Some characteristics of... Free Essays on Gunshot Wounds Free Essays on Gunshot Wounds Running head: GUNSHOT WOUNDS Abstract The following research paper is on gunshot wounds. One of the major topics that will be discussed in this paper is the velocity of the bullet when it enters the body. Handgun bullets have low velocity and low energy, while rifle bullets are high in both velocity and energy. Additionally, close contact gunshot wounds, intermediate wounds, distant wounds, and exit wounds will be explored. The author will also discuss the individual characteristics of a bullet, including size, shape, and location of ejector and extractor marks. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of the many ways to identify a suicide by a gunshot wound will be discussed, due to the complexities encountered when dealing with this issue. Gunshot Wounds As our society today becomes more and more violent, we continue to see the number of gunshot wounds on a daily basis increase. In my opinion the reason that this type of wound is so common is because guns are so easy to use, and they are very accessible. Gunshot wounds are extremely devastating and in a number of cases, result in death. Military literature documents that at least 40% of casualties on a battlefield are due to penetrating head trauma, of which at least 70% are attributed directly to posterior fossa injuries (Yuceer, 1999). Gunshot wounds are not always the result of homicide or suicide, however. In our country there are a great number of accidental shootings each year. This is one problem that must be fixed in our society. There are three basic types of gunshot wounds that I would like to discuss. The first type of wound is a contact wound. This type of wound occurs when the muzzle of the firing gun comes in contact, or a few inches from the body. When the barrel of the gun has contacted the skin, gases are released and pass into the subcutaneous tissues, causing a stellate shaped laceration (Jones, 2004). Some characteristics of...

Body Parts in Japanese Vocabulary

Body Parts in Japanese Vocabulary Body parts are important terms to know, regardless of the language you are speaking. And Japanese is no exception. Whether you want to say the Japanese word for head (atama),  hair (kami), or even the toe (tsumasaki), its important not just to know their  meanings, but to be able to pronounce each body part correctly. Parts of the Body (Karada Bubun) The table below presents the Japanese words for body parts, with the Japanese word written in Latin script (romaji) on the left, followed by the body part listed in Japanese letters (kanji), with the English translation on the right. Click the links to hear the correct pronunciations. karada body atama head kami hair kao face hitai forehead me eye mayu eyebrow mabuta eyelid matusge eyelash hana nose mimi ear kuchi mouth kuchibiru lip ha teeth shita tongue nodo throat ago jaw kubi neck kata shoulder ude arm hiji elbow te hand yubi finger tsume nail mune chest senaka back onaka stomach hiza knee ashikubi ankle kakato heel tsumasaki toe

The Extensive Use of Financial Ratios by Both Practitioners and Essay

The Extensive Use of Financial Ratios by Both Practitioners and Researchers - Essay Example One of the major reasons for using financial ratios is to compare different firms in the same industry regardless of the size of the organizations. For instance, Return on Equity (ROE) can be calculated by using two variables; profitability or income of the organization and its equity therefore even if the size of the firms differs a lot but still these two firms can be compared to each other (Gowthorpe, 2006). As a result, financial ratios are helpful in controlling different factors while comparing different companies operating in the industry and allowing researchers a platform to compare firms which might have not been possible without these ratios. Similarly, besides controlling the size of the organization, financial ratios control other factors like technology and assuming that these factors are uniform within the same industry. ... he firm is ignored, as investors investing in a riskier firm would like to demand higher return on investment therefore the firm should earn higher returns in order to attract investors Therefore all this considerations or limitations of financial ratios have raised concerns on important issues that are ignored by the financial ratios but despite of this fact, financial analysts, researchers and practitioners have been continuously using financial ratios. ADVANTAGES AND APPLICATION OF USING FINANCIAL RATIOS There are several advantages and applications of using financial ratios which are as follows: ENABLES COMPARISON BETWEEN DIFFERENT FIRMS Financial ratios are helpful in allowing comparison between different firms and their performance and therefore management of the firm is able to take decisions considering its competitors in the industry and overall averages in the industry (Bodie, Kane, & Marcus, 2004) BENCHMARKING TECHNIQUE Because of financial ratios, companies are able to se t their performance targets and measures against the leading firms in the industry and as they aim high, they are able to improve their overall performances (Heaton, 2002). FINANCIAL RATIOS ENABLE ORGANIZATIONS TO EVALUATE FROM THEIR PAST PERFORMANCES Financial ratios allow organizations to compare their past performances against their current performance and in this way they are able to identify whether they are going in the right direction or not (Correia, Flynn, Uliana, & Wormald, 2007). FINANCIAL RATIOS ARE HELPFUL IN IDENTIFY DIFFERENT COSTS AND EXPENSES THAT CAN BE REDUCED With the help of financial ratios, management is able to identify different costs and expenses of the company that have increased over the last few years or costs and expenses in comparison to their competitors and

Leadership Skill-Building Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Leadership Skill-Building - Essay Example is to see the creation of a contemporary platform that makes goods and services of enhanced quality closer to the global community towards the resolving and bringing of harmony as the work environment is accommodative to the different cultural and religious aspects that in various parts of the world. Initialize a platform for the training of future leaders so as to enhance the eradication of inclination to government subsidies and adherence to the paralegal duties that leaders should be well versed of. In accordance to DuBrin’s explanation concerning the achieving hypothetical heights of superior leadership, it is important to possess key values such as core-self evaluation since as a leader, the society is dynamic in every aspect and hence conducting a personal audit concerning the personality traits that air to the people you are in service for is key. Being trustworthy cannot be further explained neither can it be buried to be overlooked. The effectiveness of leader is gauged upon his/her intentions and motives towards the realization of previously set goals. Being in a leadership position is a daunting task and conducting issues in an unethical manner signs the first signature to the collapse of the leadership strategy and pillars of good leadership. I therefore would strive to conduct all in an ethical and lawful manner that does not oppress anyone in the

Impact of technology on patient care Research Paper - 1

Impact of technology on patient care - Research Paper Example Also, most cooking can be done in a matter of minutes with microwave technology. Our means of transportation has improved over time; cars now run on solar and even electric energy. Likewise, one could not discount the innovation in mobile technology. Now, people could not only call and receive messages from another person at the same time; but also see the person one is conversing with despite expansive geographical distance. Recently, a CNN report about the improvement in Twitter revealed that individuals chat with followers while viewing real time activities and instantly commenting on the account page. As such, advancement in technology has impacted most aspects of life; not leaving behind the area of health and patient care. Among the most noted technological advancement in this field include the application of the electronic health record, telemedicine, wireless communication, sensors and wearable technology, portal technology, mHealth, as well as other advanced medical tools, d rugs, and equipment (Jayanthi, 2014). As a result, the delivery of patient care has been noted to be more efficient as interventions are tailored to the unique health needs of culturally diverse clientele. In this regard, the current discourse hereby aims to present the impact of technology on patient care. The paper would initially provide a review of previous studies made on the subject; specifically how technology relates to patient care, how technological advancement impacted patient care, as well as the areas of patient care impacted.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Management

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Management Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a multi-system disorder, resulting in multiple comorbidities and being the fourth common cause of mortality worldwide (1). Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in COPD, through manifestations such as ischemic heart disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, stroke and sudden cardiac death (2,3). Moreover, in the last years, a tendency to paradigm shift occured, the chronic respiratory disease itself being defined as a modifiable cardiovascular risk factor (4,5). This interaction between COPD and cardiovascular disease could be explained either by shared risk factors (aging, smoking, exposure to air pollution and passive smoke, underprescribing of key cardiovascular medication, such as ÃŽ ²-blockers) or mechanisms of increased risk that are incompletely understood, beyond the conventional risk factors (4,6). There is increasing evidence that COPD negatively affect the cardiovascular and autonomic nervous system, leading to sympathovagal imbalance, with increased sympathetic tone, loss of parasympathetic tone and altered baroreceptor sensitivity, which are essential components of cardiovascular risk (7-9). Recurrent episodes of hypoxemia and/or hypercapnea, intrathoracic pressure swings resulting from airway obstruction and hyperinflation, systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, increased respiratory effort and physical inactivity can all be involved in autonomic dysfunction observed in COPD (8-10). Patients with COPD and functional alterations of cardiac autonomic modulation tend to have an elevated resting heart rate (11-13), reduced heart rate variability (HRV) (14), altered blood pressure variability (BPV) (15), an increase in muscle sympathetic nerve activity (16), reduced baroreflex sensitivity (17) and increased plasma norepinephrine level (9). Other clincal findings related to sympathetic overdrive in COPD could be arterial stiffness, altered PWV and arterial compliance, as well as left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction which may occur through direct effect of tone, modulation of baroreceptor sensitivity or activation of the renin-angiotensin system (4, 18-22). Hypoxemia, hypercapnia, pulmonary hyperinflation and activity avoidance are involved in developping cardiac autonomic dysfunction but on the other hand, these mechanisms are also responsible for exertional dyspnea and skeletal muscle deconditioning, including respiratory muscle dysfunction, in COPD patients (23,24). Thus develops a vicious spiral of physical deconditioning, impaired quality of life and early development of cardiovascular comorbidities, leading eventually to increased hospitalization and mortality (25). The golden standard in COPD management is pulmonary rehabilitation, based on its main benefits, as resulted from clinical trials: improved exercise capacity and health-related quality of life, reduced symptoms and recovery after hospitalization, decreased anxiety and depression, shortening the number of hospitalizations and days in the hospital (1, 26-28). The impact of cardiovascular comorbidities on clinical outcomes of pulmonary rehabilitation and vice versa is only partially investigated and understood. It seems that patients with metabolic and heart diseases might achieve lower degrees of improvement in exercise capacity or quality of life, but conflicting results from clinical trials have been published (29). Moreover, it is still unclear if pulmonary rehabilitation programs address cardiovascular risk factors in COPD patients, but there are encouraging results (30). Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) is a particular component of pulmonary rehabilitation, arising from the finding that inspiratory muscle dysfunction is an extrapulmonary manifestation of the disease which is often present in COPD patients. Inspiratory muscle weakness is defined as a maximal inspiratory mouth pressure (PI,max) of less than 60 cmH2O (31) and can be measured with handheld, electronic portable devices, providing automatically processed information on external inspiratory work, power and breathing pattern during loaded breathing tasks in patients with COPD. A recent study concluded that these information are valid estimation of physical units of energy during loaded breathing tasks, enabling healthcare providers to measure PI,max, peak inspiratory flow and quantify the load on inspiratory muscles in daily clinical practice (32). Also, it has been developed various pressure threshold loading medical devices, for standardized training, according to current recommendations although there is no established guideline yet (33). The impact of IMT was extensively studied in recent years. Results from randomised controlled trials in patients with COPD show that IMT as a stand-alone therapy improves strength and endurance of inspiratory muscles, improves symptoms (dyspnea) and exercise capacity (31,34). In a meta-analysis including 32 randomised controlled trials (31), IMT and its effects in patients with COPD were analysed and improved inspiratory muscle strength (+ 13 cmH2O; 95% CI 0.54-0.82; p

Analysis of Scenes 4-5 of The Glass Menagerie :: Glass Menagerie essays

Analysis of Scenes 4-5 of The Glass Menagerie "Tom Fishes in his pockets for his door key, removing a motley assortment of articles in the search, including a shower of movie ticket stubs and an empty bottle. At last he finds the key, but just as he is about to insert it, it slips from his fingers. He strikes a match and crouches below the door." Tom is a character that is constantly looking for individuality and adventure. Unfortunately, his everyday life cannot provide those for him. The apartment building he lives in is comparable to a bee hive. Every member's identity is lost not intentionally, but because it is second in importance to labor. He wants time to retire in thought every now and then and express himself somehow. All this labor supresses his creative nature whose persistency will eventually win over his practical side. In this scene, we see Tom searching for a key in his pocket. The contents of his pocket, one can argue, are filled with ways to escape his everyday life. The movies he attends are like therapy sessions that are crucial to his health. The empty bottle suggests that he was drinking that night. Tom abuses alcohol to alleviate some of the pain caused by other people abusing him. The key he is looking for cannot be found readily; not because it fell through the crack, but because he cannot escape his fait. Circumstances incarcerate him in and endless cycle of work, abuse, and supression of thought. There is no apparent way out of such a predicament, but Tom has to keep looking for the key. "Tom: You know it don't take much intelligence to get yourself into a nailed-up coffin, Laura. But who in hell ever got himself out of one without removing one nail?" Tom openly admits to Laura that he is very unhappy with his life. Laura has been known to cry because Tom feels trapped in the appartment, but Amanda dismissed it as nonsense. She thinks it is a trivial matter, and that Tom should stop thinking about himself so much. What she doesn't realize is that she is the one always thinking about herself.

L3 HSC Technical Certificate Essay

1. Identify the different reasons why people communicate (1.1.1) People communicate to build relationships, convey their needs to one another, share their ideas, express their feelings and socialise in pairs or larger groups. 2. Explain how communication affects relationships in an adult social care setting (1.1.2) As an adult care worker, communication is vital to meet the needs and requirements of the service user. If good communication is not formed, then the health and safety of the service user is at risk. Communication also forms trust, not only between the service user but also my fellow care worker/s. Communications between staff allow a good handover to take place between shifts and by using a communications book, any issues of health & safety can be discussed without all staff members being present. Read more: Reasons why people communicate  essay 3. Compare ways to establish the communication and language needs, wishes and preferences of an individual (2.2.1) In many cases, just by talking in English to the individual, communication can be established to determine their wishes, needs & preferences. If this is not possible, the individual should have a care/support plan or notes; this will hopefully outline any special communication needs that individual may require. For example: a person who is either deaf or of impaired hearing, may need to be spoken to louder and clearer whilst your lips are in full view for them to read, alternatively hand gestures or sign language may be required. I fully understand though that in some cases it may be impossible for me to communicate between the service user and that I may need assistance. 4. Describe the factors to consider when promoting effective communication (2.2.2) There are a number of factors that need to be considered to promote effective communication: Verbal Communication; not everyone speaks my native tongue and therefore may not have my vocabulary and I may need to communicate with individuals that have learning difficulties; I therefore  have to consider this when communicating and be sure not to use words that could be difficult to understand. I must also be considerate enough to not sound patronising to adults by speaking to slowly and to use the correct tone and pitch in my voice. Non-Verbal Communication; non-verbal communication is said to account for up to 93% of all daily communication, this leaves only 7% for words. This clearly shows that non-verbal communication is very important to get right. Examples are; eyes, by talking to someone and (mostly) maintaining eye-contact conveys your intent of care and interest in that persons words and also affirms a solid foundation for trust. Body language can be communicated either consciously or non-consciously and can greatly affect the message or information to be shared between one or many people. There are times in my role when a simple hand on the shoulder has been enough to reassure that person that they are being listened to and understood. Writing a note or using an object can also help with establishing effective communication in a non-verbal way 5. Describe a range of communication methods and styles to meet individual needs (2.2.3) We have the use of our five senses to communicate and receive information with: Visual – seeing Auditory – hearing Olfactory – smelling Kinaesthetic – feeling Gustatory – tasting 6. Explain why it is important to respond to an individual’s reactions when communicating (2.2.4) Once communication is established, the dialogue of that conversation is usually determined by either signs of non-verbal or verbal reactions; it is essential that these are responded to in a correct and timely manner, or the risk of miscommunication is increased and the original intention or needs (which triggered the communication) may be lost and could potentially be dangerous to the health and safety of the individual, yourself or others around you. 7. Explain how individuals from different backgrounds may use, or interpret communication methods in different ways (3.3.1) Communication methods can  vary between people from different backgrounds and it can, in some instances, be very hard to avoid misunderstandings. There are beliefs and opinions that need to be respected and understood, whether they are from a religious or cultural viewpoint – these factors can greatly affect the effectiveness of the communication between them. Some individuals may be used to very strong non-verbal communication by way of e.g. hand gestures, as opposed to another who may be distracted and feel threatened by such means. Personality has a big influence on the method of someone’s communication, it is up to both individuals to adapt to each other in order to share information correctly. 8. Identify barriers to effective communication (3.3.2) As previously mentioned, Religion and cultural belief can be a barrier between two parties willing to communicate, there is also: Prejudice; in those beliefs, some of which you may not share but mustn’t let that be a prejudgement before communication. Different or strong accent; If you don’t understand what is being said to you (or what you are telling), it is imperative that you do not be embarrassed (or offended) in asking for the information to be repeated. Health & (or) mental issues; e.g. Aspergers, the individual may lack the necessary non-verbal communication skills and will therefore will require patience on your part. Noise; your hearing may be better than theirs and is not affected by any background noise such as a television. Specialist communication methods; Do you have the necessary skills for effective communication e.g. sign language? Sensory impairment; Is the individual deaf, blind or both? Emotions; Is this person too stressed to discuss something that is important? 9. Explain how to overcome barriers to communication (3.3.3) It is part of our job to identify these barriers and open up a good line of effective communication that serves the best interests of the service user. We can also call upon the services of others to aid in the communication e.g. an Interpreter. There is also much research I can do which may include speaking to the family or professionals that are already familiar with that individual and may offer valuable information on how best to communicate. We  can also use communication strategies and personal support plans as well as educating ourselves through training to gain new skills. 10. Describe strategies that can be used to clarify misunderstandings (3.3.4) Should a misunderstanding occur, I should not give up, but attempt to rectify it and ensure that the individual does understand, this can be done by e.g. Giving that person some time to calm down and then later on communicate it in a different or easier way, being careful to explain it fully and simpler. 11. Explain how to access extra support or services to enable individuals to communicate effectively (3.3.5) There will be times when extra support is needed because you either lack the necessary skills or you cannot communicate or provide the information directly to the individual that serves them in the best possible way. There are many specialist organisations for a whole host of needs and requirements. You should, if asked, obtain this information for use by either yourself or the service user and make it easily accessible. 12. Explain the meaning of the term ‘confidentiality’ (4.4.1) Confidentiality is a set of rules built upon trust to abide by pertaining to the wishes and needs of others under your care. The information must be kept private with restrictions in place when required. 13. Describe ways to maintain confidentiality in day-to-day communication (4.4.2) ‘Confidentiality’ can be maintained by remaining aware and conscious of the information you share or discuss. Examples of this are: Information should only be discussed with the permission of the individual and not spoken about out of work, especially social media platforms e.g. Facebook. Any documentation needs to be filed securely and inaccessible to others. Your voice should be kept to a minimum when discussing (with permission) in a public environment (e.g. Hospital) the information of a service user to another person. 14. Describe the potential tension between maintaining an individual’s confidentiality and disclosing concerns to agreed others (4.4.3) In my role as a support worker I may encounter a situation where the matter of confidentiality has to be weighed up against the welfare of the individual in question. In these instances confidentiality has to be broken to meet my obligations and duty of care in reporting to the correct and relevant authorities e.g. safeguarding; this has the potential for tension but for the greater good, must be adhered to. 15. Explain how and when to seek advice about confidentiality (4.4.4) I can seek advice through my peers, management personnel or a professional advice line and this must always be done as soon as possible to ensure the immediate safety of the service user. Once you have completed, your Learning Advisor will be able to cross reference all knowledge into Unit 4222-301 of the diploma

The Political Arena

A boiling hot international issue nowadays is the upcoming elections in the Philippines which will be conducted on May 10, 2010. The election itself is controversial enough because this time, there are ten presidential candidates, but what is really different about this election is that this is the first time that they will be having the automated elections. The Senate Bill No. 2231 states that the automated election system must be used to ensure transparency, accuracy and credibility.As the elections are drawing nearer, more and more intrigues are appearing. One, and perhaps the most worthy of worry, is the failure of the PCOS machines.2 Just five days before the elections, the testing of the machines produced wrong results. In the mock elections, there were five votes for a certain candidate, and five votes for another candidate. These ten votes were all counted for different candidates.Whether the makers of the machine and the administration, headed by the current president who ha s been accused of cheating in the last elections, are conniving for this, it remains a mystery. People are worried that there might be a failure of elections, and when this happens, the current president stays the president. It has been suggested to have a parallel counting, meaning that aside from the automated counting, there will also be manual counting. This proposal was rejected by the Commission on Elections.In the Philippines, there are many different groups and religions. Recently, they have announced their support statements. The Iglesia ni Cristo group announced that they will be supporting Senator â€Å"Noynoy† Aquino, the son of the late President Cory Aquino (their first woman president).3Senator Aquino made a statement saying that the Commission on Elections indeed denied their proposal because it might open more venues for frauds and protests.4The media, being the primary source for most people, definitely plays a big role in this event. They continue to publis h survey results, which almost always show that there are only two presidential candidates who are in a battle for the spot. Again, these surveys only show the majority votes in a certain area, but for some reason, they have the power to manipulate the voters.Some voters will change their votes because their first choice does not show good results in the surveys posted by the media. The media also consistently gives updates on the failure of the PCOS machines. Last April 29, 2010, there was an article saying that the Office of the President also stood behind the decision of the COMELEC, and this made the citizens wonder more if there is indeed a connection between the two groups.5There have been legal actions already, as the mentioned resolutions of the Senate to the COMELEC, but all have been denied. The reason behind this is most probably the connivance of the administration, the COMELEC, and the producers of the PCOS machines. For me, this is an important issue even though it is happening in a different country.This shows us the dirty game of politics, and if it is happening in the Philippines, it can happen to any other country, as long as there are corrupt and power-hungry officials. If their elections push through without failure, we will get to see a new era in the Philippines, but if there is a failure of elections, who knows what can happen to their country?Choosing the next leaders of a country should not be taken lightly, and amidst the issues happening in their country, there are people still hoping for the best results.Works CitedSenate of the Republic of the Philippines, 13th Congress, Senate Bill No. 2231, Automated Election System, filed March 15, 2006.Noynoy Aquino. http://www.noynoy.ph/v3/index.php.Senate of the Philippines Press Release May 4, 2010.COMELEC Rejects Parallel Manual Count, April 29 2010, Manila Bulletin.